Mammals of Oregon

ORDER/Family Common Name Species Name Status Distribution Slide Library Mamm. Species # Comments
MARSUPIALIA              
Didelphidae Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana introduced Douglas & Umatilla Co. 3, 4, 630, 828, 829, 830 40 nocturnal
INSECTIVORA              
Soricidae Baird's Shrew Sorex bairdi uncommon Coast Range to Cascade Rnge     endemic to Oregon
  Pacific Water or Marsh Shrew Sorex bendirii uncommon W of Cascade Rng. & Klamath Co. exc interior vallleys   27 largest member of genus in N.A.
  Merriam's Shrew Sorex merriami uncommon Grant, Harney, Lake, Wasco Co.   2 smallest shrew in Oregon
  Montane or Dusky Shrew Sorex monticolus uncommon NW & E > 1,200 m   528 slightly larger than S. vagrans
  Pacific Shrew Sorex pacificus uncommon Coast and Cascade Rnge.   231 endemic to Oregon
  Water Shrew Sorex palustris uncommon Cascade & E throughout state 1287 296 almost always found near water
  Preble's Shrew Sorex preblei uncommon E half of state   416 found in wide variety of habitats
  Fog Shrew Sorex sonomae uncommon W of Cascades     nocturnal
  Trowbridge's Shrew Sorex trowbridgii common W 1/3 of state   337 occurs in coniferous forests
  Vagrant Shrew Sorex vagrans common statewide, exc. Columbia Basin 1288   most abundant during summer
Talpidae Shrew-mole Neurotrichus gibbsii common W of Cascades 727, 728 387 diet consists of earthworms
  Broad-footed Mole Scapanus latimanus uncommon Josephine, Jackson, Klamath, & Lake Co.     lighter grey pelage
  Coast Mole Scapanus orarius common W of Cascades exc. Willammete Valley, & NE 346 253 smallest mole in Oregon
  Townsend's Mole Scapanus townsendii common interior valleys & coastal region W of Cascades   434 almost black pelage
CHIROPTERA              
Vespertilionidae California Myotis Myotis californicus common statewide exc. Columbia Basin   428 diet composed mostly of moths
  Western Small-footed Myotis Myotis ciliolabrum uncommon E of Cascade Range     associated with arid range lands
  Long-eared Myotis Myotis evotis common statewide 732 329 associated with coniferous forests
  Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus common statewide 224, 225, 814 142 possibly most abundant bat in Oregon
  Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes uncommon Coast Range & NE corner of state   137 cave-dwelling bat
  Long-legged Myotis Myotis volans common statewide except Columbia Basin   224 commonly associated with coniferous forest
  Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis uncommon statewide     associated closely with water
  Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus uncommon W of Cascades & mts. E. of Cascades 41, 42, 656 185 most distinctly colored bat in Oregon
  Silver-haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans uncommon statewide exc most of Columbia Basin 658 172 diet consists of a variety of insects
  Western Pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperus common northcentral & Harney, Malheur Co.     smallest bat in Oregon
  Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus common statewide 39, 223 356 a more abundant bat species in Oregon
  Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum uncommon Wheeler & Harney Co. 734 77 occurs in many habitat types
  Townsend's Big-eared Bat Corynorhinus townsendii common statewide exc. Blue Mtn. & W Basin & Range     hibernates during winter
  Pallid Bat Antrozous pallidus uncommon W interior valleys & E of Cascades exc Blue Mtn. 230 213 usually found in desert areas
Molossidae Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis common Douglas, Jackson, & Klamath Co. Tadarida sp. -- 729 331 releases odoriferous compounds
LAGOMORPHA              
Ochotonidae American Pika Ochotona princeps common Coast Rnge, upper NE, S Central 63, 64 352 generalist herbivore
Leporidae Pygmy Rabbit Brachylagus idahoensis common SE 1/3 of state   125 habitats dominated by big sagebrush
  Brush Rabbit Sylvilagus bachmani uncommon W of Cascades   34 smallest member of genus in Oregon
  Eastern Cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus introduced middle Willammete Valley, Umatilla Valley 58, 953 136 largest member of genus in Oregon
  Mountain Cottontail Sylvilagus nuttallii common E of Cascades & Josehine Co.     feeds especially on cheat grass
  Snowshoe Hare Lepus americanus common Coast & Cascade Range, eastern mtns 246, 544   molts from brown to white
  Black-tailed Jackrabbit Lepus californicus common valleys, mts., and sagebrush region 60, 245, 1347 530 in summer pelage is lighter
  White-tailed Jackrabbit Lepus townsendii common E. of Cascades, bunchgrass habitat 1189, 1349 288 usually active at night
RODENTIA              
Aplodontidae Mountain Beaver Aplodontia rufa common forest areas W of Cascades exc interior valleys 742, 743 431 tend to be asoicial exc during reproduction
Sciuridae Yellow-pine Chipmunk Tamias amoenus common E of Cascades   390 commonly found in ponderosa pine
  Least Chipmunk Tamias minimus common E of Cascades exc Columbia Basin & most Blue Mtns. 108   smallest chipmunk in Oregon
  Allen's Chipmunk Tamias senex common forest areas on E Cascades   502 forest dwellers
  Siskiyou Chipmunk Tamias siskiyou common S Cascades. & xtr SW of state     diet of cherries, acorns, and pine nuts
  Townsend's Chipmunk Tamias townsendii common W of Cascades 258, 950 435 largest member of genus in Oregon
  Yellow-bellied Marmot Marmota flaviventris common E of Cascades exc. Columbia Basin 106 135 yellowish brown to tannish brown color
  White-tailed Antelope Squirrel Ammospermophilus leucurus common Malheur, Harney, Lake Counties 112 368 smallest species of ground squirrel in OR
  California Ground Squirrel Spermophilus beecheyi common W 1/2 of state 101   large, long-tailed grey squirrel
  Belding's Ground Squirrel Spermophilus beldingi common E of Cascades 1107 221 commonly found in meadows
  Columbian Ground Squirrel Spermophilus columbianus common Wallowa and Blue Mountains 102 372 occurs in small openings and forest meadows
  Wyoming Ground Squirrel Spermophilus elegans uncommon S. Malheur County 99, 1341 214 only seven specimens collected in Oregon
  Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel Spermophilus lateralis common E of Cascades & Josephine, Jackson Cos. 100, 1108 440 distinctly marked ground squirrel
  Merriam's Ground Squirrel Spermophilus canus common E of Cascades     diet consists of grasses and forbs
  Piute Ground Squirrel Spermophilus mollis fluctuates S of Sheepshead & Cedar Mtns     lives in high desert
  Washington Ground Squirrel Spermophilus washingtoni uncommon Gilliam, Morrow, Umatilla Cos. 1109 371 considered an agricultural pest
  Eastern Gray Squirrel Sciurus carolinensis introduced City parks in several cities 94, 95 480 smallest member of genus in Oregon
  Western Gray Squirrel Sciurus griseus fluctuates W 1/2 of state 1104, 1255 474 largest tree squirrel in Oregon
  Eastern Fox Squirrel Sciurus niger introduced N 1/2 of Cascades, Union & Baker Co. 96, 880 479 occur in urban areas and nut orchards
  Douglas' Squirrel Tamiasciurus douglasii fluctuates E from Pacific Coast to W. Baker Co. 952   live in coniferous forests
  Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus common NE corner of state 111, 260, 826, 827 586 live in montane forested areas
  Northern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus common forested & mountain areas 1020 229 smallest arboreal squirrel in Oregon
Geomyidae Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae disjunct pop. SW 254   young are altricial, blind, and hairless
  Camas Pocket Gopher Thomomys bulbivorus endemic Willamette Valley   273 largest member of genus
  Western Pocket Gopher Thomomys mazama common W 1/2 of state 1319   construct small burrows
  Northern Pocket Gopher Thomomys talpoides common E of Cascades 688, 689   herbivorous
  Townsend's Pocket Gopher Thomomys townsendii disjunct pop. Malheur & Harney Cos.     pelage is dark grey to sooty grey in color
Heteromyidae Little Pocket Mouse Perognathus longimembris fluctuates Harney & Malheur Cos.     smallest rodent in Oregon
  Great Basin Pocket Mouse Perognathus parvus common E of Cascades exc. Wallowa & Blue Mtns. 752 318 diet consists mostly of seeds
  Dark Kangaroo Mouse Microdipodops megacephalus uncommon Crook, Lake, Harney, & Malheur Cos. 1100 46 diet of seeds and insects
  California Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys californicus common Jackson, Klamath, & Lake Cos.   324 nocturnal, largest kangaroo rat in Oregon
  Chisel-toothed Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys microps common Lake, Harney, & Malheur Cos.   389 large cheek pouches
  Ord's Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys ordii common E of Cascades 560, 693, 1099,1352 353 lightest colored kangaroo rat in Oregon
Castoridae American Beaver Castor canadensis common statewide 1247-8, 408-10, 1239, 1316-7 120 commonly weighs in excess of 25kg
Muridae Western Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis common E of Cascades & Josephine and Jackson Cos. 1018 167 rock is key component of habitat
  Canyon Mouse Peromyscus crinitus common Central and SE of state   287 destinguished by soft, silky pelage
  Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus common statewide 74, 1175   exhibits variation in color and size
  Piñon Mouse Peromyscus truei common central and SW of state 1176 161 characterized by enormous ears
  Northern Grasshopper Mouse Onychomys leucogaster common grassland and desert areas 253, 1017, 1169 87 stockily built with thick tail
  Bushy-tailed Woodrat Neotoma cinerea common statewide 1166, 1351 564 large rat-like mammal
  Dusky-footed Woodrat Neotoma fuscipes common W Oregon 414 386 large, nearly naked eyes, protruding eyes
  Desert Woodrat Neotoma lepida common Malheur, Harney, & S. Lake Cos. 1252   smallest member of genus in Oregon
  Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus introduced W of Cascades & N of state 755-8   native to China and Siberia
  Black Rat Rattus rattus introduced W of Cascades & along coast 759, 760   native of southeastern Asia
  House Mouse Mus musculus introduced statewide 92, 754   more active at night and in subdued light
  Western Red-backed Vole Clethrionomys californicus common W of Cascades exc. interior valleys   406 denizen of forest habitats
  Southern Red-backed Vole Clethrionomys gapperi common NE 1/4 of state 69 146 omnivorous, opportunistic feeder
  White-footed Vole Phenacomys albipes uncommon W of Cascades   494 listed as a sensitive species
  Heather Vole Phenacomys intermedius uncommon Cascades, Lake Co., Blue & Wallowa Mts.   305 resembles Microtus montanus
  Red Tree Vole Phenacomys longicaudus common W of Cascades   532 endemic to western Oregon
  California Vole Microtus californicus uncommon Lane, Douglas, Jackson, and Josephine Cos.     spends most time underground
  Gray-tailed Vole Microtus canicaudus common NW corner of state   267 endemic to Will. Valley & Clark Co., WA
  Long-tailed Vole Microtus longicaudus low density statewide exc some valleys 1157 271 tend to be docile and timid
  Montane Vole Microtus montanus irruptive pop. E of Cascades     associated with grassy areas
  Creeping Vole Microtus oregoni fluctuates W of Cascades   233 smallest vole in Oregon
  Water Vole Microtus richardsoni uncommon Cascades & Wallowa and Blue Mts.   223 good swimmer on and below surface
  Townsend's Vole Microtus townsendii fluctuates W of Cascades   325 associated with moist habitats
  Sagebrush Vole Lemmiscus curtatus fluctuates E of Cascades 947, 1339   strictly herbivorous
  Common Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus common statewide exc most of Cascades 1162, 1163 141 occur near water
Dipodidae Western Jumping Mouse Zapus princeps common E of Cascades & Southern Jackson Co. 1110   long tail and sleek body
  Pacific Jumping Mouse Zapus trinotatus common Cascades & W to Pacific Ocean   315 remain in hibernation for approx. 7 months
Erethizontidae Common Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum common statewide 82, 870 29 active throughout year
Myocastoridae Nutria Myocastor coypus introduced Willamette Valley & Coastal Region 1019 398 semiaquatic rodent
CARNIVORA              
Canidae Coyote Canis latrans common statewide 265, 1126, 1127, 1267 79 largely nocturnal
  Gray Wolf Canis lupus endangered forest areas of Cascades & elsewhere 581, 1038, 1128 37 largest canid in the world
  Common Gray Fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus unknown W of Cascades & Deschutes Co. 584 189 grizzle grey in color
  Kit Fox Vulpes velox threatened SE Oregon 269, 583, 1208 122 smallest canid in Oregon
  Red Fox Vulpes vulpes uncommon mountain and desert areas 435, 436, 582 537 occurs in red, silver, and cross colors
Ursidae Black Bear Ursus americanus common Cascades & Blue and Wallowa Mtns. 142, 1132   game mammal in Oregon
  Grizzly or Brown Bear Ursus arctos extirpated   455, 821, 1008, 1271 439 last specimen taken in Oregon in 1931
Otariidae Northern Fur Seal Callorhinus ursinus pop varies beaches and estuaries 1300, 1301, 1302   occur mainly in January
  Northern Sea Lion Eumetopias jubatus threatened beaches and estuaries 1270, 1303 283 forms large groups
  California Sea Lion Zalophus californianus uncommon beaches and estuaries 132, 133, 446, 1142, 1143   superb swimmers and divers
Phocidae Northern Elephant Seal Mirounga angustirostris uncommon beaches and estuaries 134, 282, 449-53 449 diet of cephalapods and fish
  Harbor Seal Phoca vitulina uncommon beaches and estuaries 135, 594, 1131, 1304, 1305   commonly come ashore
Procyonidae Ringtail Bassariscus astutus common SW Oregon 858 327 strongly nocturnal
  Common Raccoon Procyon lotor common statewide exc high mts. & deserts 140, 709 119 eat almost anything organic
Mustelidae American Marten Martes americana common mountain regions   289 diet of birds, insects, and fruit
  Fisher Martes pennanti uncommon Land and Douglas Cos. 590 156 considerably larger than martens
  Ermine Mustela erminea uncommon largely W of Cascades, few in east 588, 1051 195 in Britian refered to as "stoat"
  Long-tailed Weasel Mustela frenata common statewide 1348 570 can exist in many habitats except desert
  Mink Mustela vison common statewide, esp. wetlands 1129   semiaquatic species
  Wolverine Gulo gulo threatened Harney, Deschutes, & Wheeler Cos. 442, 807, 1295-7 499 thought once to be extirpated in Oregon
  American Badger Taxidea taxus common E of Cascades   26 carnivore, strongly adapted for digging
  River Otter Lutra canadensis common W of Cascades     adapted for land and water
  Sea Otter Enhydra lutris threatened beaches and estuaries 799, 800, 801, 1298 133 rarely comes on land
Mephitidae Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis common statewide     primarily nocturnal
  Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis common statewide exc high elevations     house cat-sized mammal
Felidae Moutain Lion Puma concolor common W of Cascades and mts E of Cascades 275, 276, 586   range over broad areas
  Lynx Lynx canadensis uncommon Willamette Valley & mountain areas 587 269 only 12 specimens known in Oregon
  Bobcat Lynx rufus common statewide 819, 1293 563 females considerably smaller than males
ARTIODACTYLA              
Cervidae Elk or Wapiti Cervus elaphus uncommon statewide, esp. mountains 189-91, 318, 804, 863-4,1077, 1278   heavy bodied, deer-like mammals
  Mule Deer Odocoileus hemionus hemionus uncommon Cascades and E 187, 475, 476 219 considered to be "browsers": tend to be secretive
  White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus uncommon mountain areas 185, 186, 803, 1279, 1313 388 during flight, tail is held erect
Antilocapridae Pronghorn Antilocapra americana isolated pop Klamath & Lake Cos. 166, 717, 718, 823, 1310 90 once abudant and widespread in Oregon
Bovidae Bison Bison bison (Bos by some authors) scattered eastern half of state 167, 304-6, 719-20, 1224&73, 1311 266 in Oregon only present as semidomestic
  Moutain Goat Oreamnos americanus introduced xtr NE, Wallowa Mts. 170, 171, 1274 63 not a goat but a moutain antelope
  Moutain or Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis common eastern half of state 168, 169, 307, 941 230 both sexes equipped with horns
CETACEA              
Eschrichtidae Gray Whale Eschrichtius robustus endangered N Pacific Ocean 833-7, 1135-6, 217, 1308    
Balaenopteridae Sei Whale Balaenoptera borealis endangered panoceanic 577    
  Fin Whale Balaenoptera physalus endangered panoceanic 769    
  Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus endangered panoceanic      
  Minke Whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata          
  Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae endangered panoceanic 575-6, 698, 768    
Physeterdae Sperm Whale Physeter catodon endangered warm oceans world-wide      
  Pygmy Sperm Whale Kogia breviceps rare   1137,1138    
Balaenidea Black Right Whale Eubalaena glacialis endangered, accidental        
Ziphiidae Baird Beaked Whale Berardius bairdii accidental N Pacific Ocean      
  Stejneger Beaked Whale Mesoplodon stejnegeri accidental N Pacific Ocean   250  
  Cuvier's beaked whale, Goosebeaked whale Ziphius cavirostris accidental cold-temp to trop. waters      
Delphinidae Pacific Striped Dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens   N Pacific, offshore      
  Dall Porpoise Phocoenoides dalli   N Pacific, offshore 1130, 1357 319  
  Harbor Porpoise Phocoena phocoena   N Pacific, coastal 1060 42  
  Pilot Whale, Pacific Blackfish Globicephala macrorhynchus   oceanic 929, 930    
  Killer Whale Orcinus orca   all oceans 979, 1057-8, 1133 304  
  Rough-toothed Porpoise Steno bredanensis accidental offshore      
  Northern Right Whale Dolphin Lissodelphis borealis rare offshore   425  
  False Killer Whale Pseudorca crassidens accidental temperate and tropical seas   456  
  Risso's Dolphin Grampus griseus rare temperate and tropical seas 1055    
               
               
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