Mammals of Oklahoma

ORDER/Family Common Name Species Name Status Distribution Slide Library* Mammalian Species Comments
DIDELPHIMORPHIA (opossums & allies)              
Didelphidae (opossums) Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana Common Statewide 3, 4(W), 630, 828(B), 829(B), 830(B) 40 Usually solitary, nocturnal
INSECTIVORA (shrews & moles)              
Soricidae (shrews) Southern Short-tailed Shrew Blarina carolinensis Uncommon Extreme southeast corner of state.     Habitat is probably moist woodlands and swampy areas. Slightly venomous.
  Elliot's short-tailed Shrew Blarina hylophaga Uncommon Absent from northwestern third of state and Panhandle.     Difficult to tell from B. Carolinensis except by karyotype. Slightly venomous.
  Least Shrew Cryptotis parva Uncommon Statewide except Panhandle. 957 43 One of the smallest mammals in Oklahoma. Sociable; prefers grasslands.
  Southeastern Shrew Sorex longirostris Peripheral Found in Missouri & Arkansas. One found in LeFlore Co. (East-Central Oklahoma) in 1988.   143 Moist habitats; stream banks, bogs, marshes, forests.
  Desert Shrew Notiosorex crawfordi Uncommon Western third of state; also recorded from southeast corner of state (Pushmataha Co.).   17 Skulls are often found in owl pellets. Habitats include mesquite, mixed grasses, prickly pear cactus.
Talpidae (moles) Eastern Mole Scalopus aquaticus Uncommon Statewide except Panhandle. 647(C), 648(S) 105 Burrows in moist, loamy & sandy soils. Eliminate many insect pests & aerate soil, but may damage lawns.
CHIROPTERA (bats)             Most bats eat insects and echolocate at night; roost during days. Bats are known to carry rabies.
Vespertilionidae (vespertilionid bats) Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius Threatened Southeast corner of state.   332 Caves, bldgs, bridges, culverts
  Gray Myotis Myotis grisescens Uncommon Limestone hills east of Grand (Neosho) River & north of the Arkansas River valley (northeast corner of state). 228   Cave-dwelling. May be somewhat migragory.
  Northern Myotis Myotis keenii Probably threatened Extreme eastern edge of state. 226, 227 121 Caves, hollow trees, behind bark, bldgs. Secretive, solitary. Also known as M. septentrionalis.
  Small-footed Myotis Myotis leibii Uncommon Southern quarter of state; also western Panhandle. 226   Flies in the evening while it is still light. Probably roost in crevices & caves.
  Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifugus Probably threatened Eastern portion of state. Another subspecies may be found in northwestern OK, since it occurs in New Mexico. 224, 225(G), 814(G) 142 Crevices, caves, houses
  Indiana Myotis Myotis sodalis Peripheral Extreme eastern edge of state. 391(P) 163 Nearest permanent populations are in Missouri & Arkansas.
  Cave Myotis Myotis velifer Common Western half of state.   149 Largest Myotis in OK. Hibernates in large cave colonies; roosts in caves, bldgs, bridges.
  Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Peripheral Extreme western Panhandle.     Arid regions. Caves, mines, bldgs. This is the eastern edge of this bat's range.
  Silver-haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans Uncommon Scattered; may be statewide 658 172 Migrant or nomadic. Hollow trees, behind bark, bldgs. Flies late.
  Western Pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperus Uncommon Southwest corner of state.     Among the smallest bats. First recorded in OK in 1955. Roosts in crevices, caves. Flies early; often also seen in early morning. Fluttering flight.
  Eastern Pipistrelle Pipistrellus subflavus Common in eastern third of OK, but uncommon in central & western parts. Statewide. 38, 654(C) 228 Caves, crevices, bldgs. Apparently lives in trees in summer. Flies early. More associated with forests than W. Pipistrelle
  Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus More common in East than in West. Statewide. 39(C), 223 356 Hibernate in caves; nursery colonies in bldgs. Also roost in trees; crevices.Slow flight near treetops
  Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Uncommon Statewide 40, 655(C), 815 183 Less common in the West. Migratory; present in summer; maybe year-round in some areas. Roosts in tree foliage.
  Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus Uncommon Statewide 41, 42, 656 185 The largest bat in OK. Migratory; roosts on twigs or branches; emerges late
  Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus Rare South-central and southeast portions of state.   280 Has only been taken twice in OK. Roosts in Spanish Moss, Oaks, Hickory, Pines
  Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis Uncommon Southeastern two-thirds of state. 232 23 Hollow trees, bldgs. Forage in early evenings & just before dawn. Slow, steady flight.
  Rafinesque's Big-eared Bat Plecotus rafinesquii Threatened; Peripheral Southeast corner of state. 394 69 Often roosts in houses; also hollow trees, behind bark, among leaves. Flies late in the evening.
  Townsend's Big-eared Bat Plecotus townsendii Uncommon Western third of state (one subspecies); also recorded from the eastern edge of the state (second subspecies). 229 175 Live & hibernate (singly or in groups) in gypsum caves & caverns under granite boulders. May forage close to ground.
  Pallid Bat Antrozous pallidus Uncommon Northwestern population separated from the southwestern by the High Plains. 230 213 Crevices, caves, old bldgs; may hibernate in caves in the state. Fly well after dark. Probably feeds on the ground.
Molossidae (free-tailed bats) Brazilian Free-tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis Common Statewide 729(as Tadarida sp.) 331 Migratory. Roosts in caves, trees, bldgs. Large nursery colonies are found in gypsum caves from which millions of bats emerge in late summer.
  Big Free-tailed Bat Tadarida macrotis Peripheral Records from Panhandle and from Central OK. 891 351 A wanderer from the southwestern deserts and Mexico. Crevices, buildings. Fly late. Some authors assign this bat to genus Nyctinomops.
XENARTHA (armadilos, sloths, & allies)              
Nine-banded Armadillo Dasyppus novemcinctus Common Southern & Eastern parts of state. 53, 242 162 Nocturnal, but may be out on cloudy days. Range has spread north & east since 1900. Capable of carrying leprosy bacteria.
LAGOMORPHA (hares & rabbits)             Typically most active mornings &early evenings; often at night. Vegetarian.
Leporidae (hares & rabbits) Swamp Rabbit Sylvilagus aquaticus Common, but secretive Southern & Eastern parts of state; abundant only in SE corner.   151 Largest cottontail. Found near stream & river banks, ponds & lakes. Range is declining due to draining, clearing, damming.
  Desert Cottontail Sylvilagus audubonni Common Panhandle westerh third of state. 59, 1188 106 Medium-sized cottontail; found in arid grasslands, brush & rocky areas.
  Eastern Cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus Common Statewide 58, 953 136 Most common cottontail in OK, A moderately large cottontail; ears shorter than Desert Cottontail. Associated with stream valleys, grassy, forested, & brushy areas; possibly in dunes.
  Black-tailed Jackrabbit Lepus californicus Common Statewide, except extreme southeast corner; more abundant in arid western half. 60, 245(Y)   Associated with arid, open areas with scattered thickets or shrub patches.
RODENTIA (rodents)             Gnawing animals; most (except grasshopper mice) feed on vegetation. Mostly active at night, but squirrels are active days.
Sciuridae (Squirrels, Woodchucks, & Chipmunks) Eastern Chipmunk Tamias striatus Common Eastern half of state. 110, 259(AB) 168 Forests & tall-grass prairies; rocky slopes & moist ravines.
  Colorado Chipmunk Eutamias quadrivittatus Uncommon Western Panhandle (Black Mesa region)     White eye stripes & alternating 5 dark & 4 white bands help tell this animal from ground squirrels. Found in dry, rocky, piñon-juniper canyons, ravines & mesa slopes.
  Woodchuck Marmota monax Rare East & northeast portions of state. 107   A very large squirrel. Hilly & rocky areas in open woodlands with fields or meadows.
  Spotted Ground Squirrel Spermophilus spilosoma Uncommon Western third of state & panhandle   101 Small with spots on back, but not in rows. Tail not very bushy. Found in arid areas; sometimes in abandoned prairie dog towns.
  Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel Spermophilus tridecemlineatus Common Statewide, except eastern edge. 103, 573(C) 103 Small with (usually) 13 alternating dark (w/spots) & light stripes. Found in grassy or open wooded or shrublands. Hibernate.
  Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus Rare Western Panhandle. 951 272 Large, rather bushy-tailed, mottled ground squirrel. Can climb trees.
  Black-tailed Prairie Dog Cynomys ludovicianus Uncommon; possibly threatened. Central & western parts of state. Formerly much more widespread; now only a few disjunct populations. 105   Large, chunky ground squirrel with a short tail. Sociable; live in towns w/ many burrows, mostly in shortgrass prairies.
  Eastern Gray Squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Common Eastern half of state. 94, 95(P) 480 Medium sized tree squirrel. Found in timbered areas; in parks & golf courses.
  Eastern Fox Squirrel Sciurus niger Common Statewide except panhandle (but has been introduced into towns. 96, 880 479 The largest & most common tree squirrel in OK. Larger & more brown or rusty than gray squirrel.
  Southern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys volans Uncommon Southern & eastern portions of state. 1021, 1022(B) 78 Small with gliding membrane connecting front & back legs. Primarily nocturnal.
Geomyidae (pocket gophers: the "pocket" refers to fur-lined cheek pouches) Botta's Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae Possible Found in Colorado 254   Do more above-ground feeding than other pocket gophers. Habitat is short grasses & pinon-juniper. Upper incisors without conspicuous grooves.
  Plains Pocket Gopher Geomys bursarius Common, except in extreme northeast corner of state Statewide 690   Found in sandy & moist soils. Their mounds are about 6" high & 2' in diameter. Several different chromosomal types probably exist. Upper incisors have a single, deep groove.
  Yellow-faced Pocket Gopher Cratogeomys castanops Uncommon Panhandle.   338 Moderately large; dull yellowish brown color. Found in deep sandy soils or open plains. Upper incisors have 2 grooves.
Heteromyidae (pocket mice & kangaroo rats) Plains Pocket Mouse Perognathus flavescens Uncommon Western part of state & Panhandle 694   Found in sandy soils & sparse vegetation. Three subspecies probably meet in OK.
  Silky Pocket Mouse Perognathus flavus Common Western third of state & Panhandle 562, 1182 471 Found in rocky or sandy soils
  Hispid Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus hispidus Common Statewide, except extreme northeast & southeast corners.   320 The largest pocket mouse in OK. Found in grasslands with sandy or loose soils.
  Texas Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys elator Threatened Southwest part of state.   232 Has 4 toes & a "banner" tuft on its tail. This Kangaroo rat has not been recorded in OK for about 75 years (in a sorghum field near Chattanooga in Comanche Co.).
  Ord's Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys ordii Common Western half of state. 560, 693(S), 1099 353 Has 5 hind toes; rarely has a white -tipped tail. Inhabits arid areas with loose or sandy soils; especially dunes.
Castoridae (beavers) American Beaver Castor canidensis Uncommon Statewide; especially along creeks & streams. 247(H), 248(H), 408, 409(H), 410(H), 1239 120 The largest rodent inOK. Require water. Build dams across streams to form ponds. Was once widespread, but became nearly extinct in OK in the 1900's due to extensive trapping.
Muridae (mice & rats) Marsh Rice Rat Oryzomys palustris Uncommon Southeast corner of state. 252 176 Isolated populations. Found in marshy areas, grasses, rushes & sedges. Semiaquatic. Omnivorous.
  Fulvous Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys fulvescens Common Central, eastern, & southern OK.   174 A small mouse, but the largest of harvest mice. Tail noticeably longer than head & body. Found in brushy grasslands, prairies, & forest edges. All harvest mice have grooved incisors.
  Eastern Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys humulis Uncommon Eastern parts of state. 685   Very small. Shorter tail; dark ears.
  Western Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis Uncommon Northwestern corner of state & Panhandle. 1018 167 Medium-sized harvest mouse. Tail length about as long as head & body. Ears flesh-colored or yellowish.
  Plains Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys montanus Common Statewide.   257 Very small. Tail shorter than head & body. Skulls frequently found in owl pellets.
  Texas Mouse Peromyscus attwateri Common Southern & eastern parts of state; isolated populations.   48 Found in rocky habitats, especially limestone outcrops & boulders.
  Brush Mouse Peromyscus boylii Uncommon Extreme western Panhandle (Black Mesa). 1171   One of the most abundant mice in the Black Mesa area. Found in dense, shrubby vegetation or rocky areas.
  Rock Mouse Peromyscus difficilis Uncommon Extreme western Panhandle (Black Mesa).     Primarily found in the Black Mesa area, in higher regions where vegetation is lacking. Ears larger than the brush mouse's.
  Cotton Mouse Peromyscus gossypinus Uncommon Southeast corner of state. 677, 678(C) 70 Woodlands. Sometimes found in trees. Omnivorous.
  White-footed Mouse Peromyscus leucopus Very Common Statewide 73, 251(A), 1174 247 One of the most common small rodents in OK. Brusy areas & woodlands.
  Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus Common Statewide, except extreme southeast corner. 74, 1175   Grassy & prairie areas.
  White-ankled Mouse Peromyscus pectoralis Peripheral Extreme south-central OK (Love Co.)   49 Rocky habitat (limestone outcrops).
  Pinon Mouse Peromyscus truei Uncommon Extreme western panhandle (Black Mesa). 1176 161 Found in rocky areas with pinons or junipers.
  Golden Mouse Ochrotomys nuttalli Rare Southeastern part of state.   75 Timbered regions. Builds nests & feeding platforms in trees.
  Northern Pygmy Mouse Baiomys taylori Peripheral South (Cotton County: one animal). 72, 1164 285 Very small. Found in a grassy area of sandy, rolling hills.
  Northern Grasshopper Mouse Onychomys leucogaster Uncommon Western parts of state. 253, 1017, 1169 87 Predatory on insects, scorpions, & small or young mice.
  Hispid Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus Common Statewide 76, 1177 158 Has spread north from Mexico & Texas. Found in dense grasses or other dense vegetation.
  White-throated Woodrat Neotoma albigula Uncommon Panhandle   310 Rock canyons & brushy slopes. Arid areas.
  Eastern Woodrat Neotoma floridana Common Eastern two-thirds of state. 1016 139 Wooded areas, ravines & grass-shrub areas. Often build large brush-pile houses at bases of trees or bushes. May build nests in trees.
  Mexican Woodrat Neotoma mexicana Peripheral Extreme western Panhandle 1167 262 Found in mountainous regions; rock canyons of Black Mesa.
  Southern Plains Woodrat Neotoma micropus Common Western third of state.   330 Arid regions; rocky hillsides & ledges. Constructs den of sticks & cacti, bones, cow dung, etc.
  Prairie Vole Microtus ochrogaster Rare Northern parts of state, especially north-central 1160 355 Found in grassy areas.
  Woodland Vole Microtus pinetorum Common Eastern & southern parts of state.   147 Found in woodlands & moist grassy areas, especially along fence lines.
  Southern Bog Lemming Synaptomys cooperi Possible Occur in Kansas 682   Found at edges of marshes or bogs.
  Common Muskrat Ondantra zibethicus Common Statewide; most abundant in northeast corner 1162, 1163(H) 141 Live in marshes and water ways. Live in dome-shaped houses often surrounded by water, or in burrows in banks.
  Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus Introduced Statewide, but less common in the west. 755(W), 756(G), 757(B), 758   Lives in close association with humans. Loves garbage. Usually forces roof rats (if present) out of bldgs.
  Roof Rat, Black Rat Rattus rattus Introduced South & central parts of state 759, 760(B)   Lives in close association with humans. May have entered state through Red River Valley.
  House Mouse Mus musculus Introduced Statewide 92, 754   Lives in close association with humans. Has spread along water courses & into fields & grasslands.
Dipodidae (=Zapodidae) (Jumping Mice) Meadow Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius Rare Northeast OK (Tulsa Co.)   11 Known from only two animals in 1938 in a dense thicket of young trees.
Erethizontidae (New World porcupines) Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum Uncommon Western & southern parts of state 83, 870(Y) 29 Found in forested & rocky areas. Can climb trees. Range may be expanding.
Myocastoridae (myocastorids) Nutria Myocastor coypus Introduced Aquatic habitats in southern part of state. 1019 398 Natural home = South America. Introduced into U.S. over 80 years ago; into OK (Hinton & Fort Sill) in the early 1950's as a commercial furbearer. Make nests of large piles of cattails, reeds, & sedges; often destroy habitat for other wildlife.
CARNIVORA (carnivores)             Most are active at night, early mornings & evenings. Most eat freshly-killed meat, but bears, raccons, ringtails, coyotes & foxes are more omnivorous.
Canidae (canids) Coyote Canis latrans Common Statewide 265(C), 1126, 1127, 1267 79 The most common large carnivore in OK. They have expanded their range into that of wolves, bears, & mt. lions.
  Gray Wolf Canis lupus Extirpated Formerly statewide 581, 1038(P), 1128 37 About twice the size of a coyote. The last wolf was described in 1939.
  Red Wolf Canis rufus Extirpated Formerly wooded eastern two-thirds of state 264(C), 968 22 Intermediate in size between the coyote & gray wolf; long legs. Head, muzzle, & nose pad broader than that of a coyote.
  Swift or Kit Fox Vulpes velox Rare Extreme northwest corner of state & Panhandle 269(Y), 583, 1208 122 The smallest American fox; about the size of a large house cat. Live in arid areas. Easily trapped & poisoned; their numbers are declining.
  Red Fox Vulpes vulpes Possibly introduced; uncommon Statewide 435(W), 436(Y), 582   Introduced from Europe into Virginia about 1750; there may have been a native red fox & they may have interbred. First reported in OK in 1854 in the Red River Valley.
  Common Gray Fox Urocyon cineroeargenteus Common Statewide; more common in eastern oak-hickory forests 584 189 Lives in wooded areas. They often climb trees. When forests are cleared, red foxes usually move in.
Ursidae (bears) Black Bear Ursus americanus Endangered Formerly statewide 142(C), 1132(S)   A few have wandered in from reintroductions into the Arkansas Ozarks & possibly from Colorado or New Mexico.
  Grizzly or Brown Bear Ursus arctos Extirpated Formerly probably western half of state 455, 821(CB), 1008, 1271(B) 439 Only a few grizzlies remain in the U.S.; mainly in Yellowstone & Glacier national parks. Numbers continue to decline.
Procyonidae (procyonids) Ringtail Bassariscus astutus Uncommon Western two-thirds of state; possibly statewide 858 327 Found in rocky areas. Eat small animals including insects; also eat fruits & berries.
  Common Raccoon Procyon lotor Common Statewide 140, 709(S) 119 Most common in woodlands and near water. Omnivorous.
Mustelidae (mustelids) Long-tailed Weasel Mustela frenata Uncommon Probably Statewide     Secretive. May be found in gopher or squirrel burrows, crevices, brushpiles, or among tree roots. Can climb trees after birds or eggs; can swim.
  Least Weasel Mustela nivalis Peripheral Occur in Kansas. One animal found in Cherokee Co. (NE Oklahoma) in 1988. 440(Y), 1214 454 Range is expanding southward.
  Black-footed Ferret Mustela nigripes Extirpated Formerly Panhandle & western parts of state 128 126 One of the rarest mammals in North America. Range corresponded to prairie dogs (their food). Endangered elsewhere in the U.S.; almost went extinct due to canine distemper (18 survived in Wyoming). A captive breeding program was begun in 1986.
  Mink Mustela vison Uncommon Most of state where permanent water is found; more abundant in eastern two-thirds of state & in the south 1129   Live alone (except during breeding season) along waterways. Their den is usually a hole in a bank or behind a pile of debris in a stream.
  American Badger Taxidea taxus Common Western two-thirds of state. Isolated reports from eastern OK 701(C), 702(A), 703(H) 26 Dig with large front claws; they feed on burrowing animals.
  Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis Rare Extreme western panhandle (Black Mesa)     Habitat not well known in OK. In TX, often associated with rocky bluffs, cliffs, and stream banks; often found close to people.
  Eastern Spotted Skunk Spilogale putorius Uncommon Statewide; none recoreded from Panhandle     Secretive. Usually found in rocky canyons & outcrops in woodlands & prairies. Often make dens under buildings.
  Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis Common Statewide 280 173 One of the best known mammals of OK (by its smell). Found in woods, brushy areas & farms. May live in family groups. Eat small animals including insects; also eggs.
  Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus Rare Extreme western Panhandle (Black Mesa)     Found in rocky, woody, brushy areas and foothills; avoid deserts & heavy timber. They dig with their nose & leave ploughed up patches of earth where they have rooted out insects.
  River Otter Lutra canadensis Rare; Reintroduced Formerly statewide along waterways 802, 859   Reported very rare or extirbated by the OK Dept. of Fish & Game in 1952. New water development projects have allowed them to reoccupy areas. Seventeen from LA were released in 1984 & 1985 into the Wister & the McGee Creek Wildlife Management Areas.
Felidae (cats) Mountain Lion Felis concolor Rare Statewide but mostly extirpated except for a few that wander in from neighboring states. 275, 276, 586(C) 200 Recent records are sightings only. Also called Pumas & Cougars. Primary prey = deer, but also eat rabbits, prairie dogs and other small animals. People hunt them when they eat livestock.
  Ocelot Felis pardalis Possible See comments 125   May have formerly occurred in OK; they used to exist in the Texas Panhandle. Found in chaparral thickets. Their habitat extends southward into the tropics.
  Jaguar Panthera onca Possible See comments 795 340 May have lived in OK; formerly lived in New Mexico & Texas. Live in dense brushland and forested areas. Their habitat extends southward into the tropics.
  Bobcat Lynx rufus Common Statewide 819   Secretive; usually solitary. Live in dry areas of the west as well as in dense forests, lowlands, & mountains of the east. May sometimes be seen in the day. Eat small animals; very rarely eat livestock as large as sheep.
ARTIODACTYLA (even-toed ungulates; deer, pronghorn, bison & allies)              
Dicotylidae (peccaries) Collared Peccary Tayassu tajacu Possible See comments 200(B), 325, 794 293=T. pecari Also called Javelinas. May have lived in OK; they formerly lived in Texas as far north as the Red River. Live in brushy arid areas.
Cervidae (cervids) Wapiti or Elk Cervus elaphus Reintroduced Probably formerly statewide since they used to range from Canada to northern Georgia 189(M), 190(G), 191(F), 318(Y), 809(FM), 863(M), 864(F), 1077(F), 1278(B)   Extirpated before 1900. Between 1908 & 1911, a few were introduced from Jackson, Wyo., into the Wichita Mts; this herd is maintained at 500. From 1969-1972, 300 of these were moved to eastern OK.
  Mule Deer Odocoileus hemionus Uncommon Northwestern parts of state. Some may wander into SW OK from the TX Panhandle. 187(M), 475(Y), 476(F) 219 Noted for their bouncing gait. Found in arid areas and sparsely wooded areas. In mountainous areas, they may migrate to low country for winters.
  White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus Common Statewide 185(F), 186(A), 803(M), 1279(M) 388 The most important big game animals in Oklahoma. Found primarily at edges of woodlands. Uncontrolled burning & livestock overgrazing are the main destroyers of deer habitat.
Antilocapridae (pronghorn) Pronghorn Antilocapra americana Rare Western parts of state 166(M), 717(M), 718(F), 823(B) 90 Formerly abundant in the western two-thirds of the state, but now mostly extirpated. Requires habitat where it can see and run long distances. About 500 animals now have made a comeback in the Panhandle.
Bovidae (Bovids) Bison Bison bison Extirpated Isolated commercial & Wildlife Refuge herds; formerly very abundant, especially in the western parts of the state. 167(M), 304(CM), 305(Y), 306(H), 719(W), 720, 1224(B), 1273 266 The largest native North American land mammal. An animal of the Prairies. Eliminated by1885.
               
*A=Anatomical Specialization, B=Behavioral, C=Close-up of Head, F=Female, FM=Female & Male, G=Group, H=Habitat, M=Male, P=Phase of Color, S=Skull,              
W=female With young, Y=Young, CP=Comparison of species or subspecies