Mammals of California

Order/Family Common name Species Name Status Distribution Slide Library Mamm. Sp. #
MARSUPIALIA            
Didelphidae Virginia opossum Didelphis virginiana Common, Introduced Statewide < 1000m 3, 4, 630, 828, 829, 830 40
             
INSECTIVORA            
Soricidae Mt. Lyell shrew Sorex lyelli Special Concern C. Sierra Nevada @ high elev.    
  Vagrant shrew Sorex vagrans 1 ssp Special Concern N 1/2 exc. C. Val. 1288 337
  Montane shrew Sorex monticolus   Sierra Nevada & San Bernardino Mtns   212
  Pacific shrew Sorex pacificus   NW   296
  Ornate shrew Sorex ornatus Common, 5 ssp Special Concern C. & SW   231
  Fog shrew Sorex sonomae   NW   231
  Inyo shrew Sorex tenellus   EC    
  Water shrew Sorex palustris   Sierra Nevada, Casc., N. Coast Ranges, > 1300 m   131
  Preble's shrew Sorex preblei   > 1200 m in Cascades   416
  Marsh shrew Sorex bendirii   NW   27
  Trowbridge's shrew Sorex trowbridgii   N 2/3 exc. C. Val.   2
  Merriam's shrew Sorex merriami   Gt. Basin; xtr NE & E    
  Desert shrew Notiosorex crawfordi   Deserts of S Ca   17
Talpidae Shrew-mole Neurotrichus gibbsii   Casc., N. Coast Range 727, 728 387
  Townsend's mole Scapanus townsendii   xtr. NW   434
  Coast mole Scapanus orarius   Coastal N. Cal. 346 253
  Broad-footed mole Scapanus latimanus   Statewide exc. C. Val., S. Nev.    
             
CHIROPTERA            
Phyllostomidae California Leaf-nosed bat Macrotus californicus Special Concern xtr. S    
  Hog-nosed bat Choeronycteris mexicana Special Concern xtr. S   291
Vespertilionidae California bat Myotis californicus   Statewide   428
  Western small-footed bat Myotis ciliolabrus   Statewide exc coastal redwoods    
  Yuma bat Myotis yumanensis   Statewide    
  Little Brown bat Myotis lucifugus 1 ssp Special Concern Statewide exc SW 224, 225, 814 142
  Cave bat Myotis velifer   Along Colo R.   149
  Long-legged bat Myotis volans   Statewide   224
  Fringed bat Myotis thysanodes   Statewide   137
  Long-eared bat Myotis evotis   Statewide 732 329
  Silver-haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans   N 1/2 exc. C. Val. 658 172
  Western pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperus   Statewide    
  Big Brown bat Eptesicus fuscus Common Statewide 39, 223 356
  Southwestern Yellow bat Lasiurus xanthinus   xtr SE    
  Western red bat Lasiurus blossevilli   Statewide 40, 655, 815 183
  Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus   Statewide in wooded areas 41, 42, 656 185
  Spotted bat Euderma maculatum Special Concern S 1/2 734 77
  Allen's Long-eared bat Idionycteris phyllotis   xtr. S & E   208
  Townsend's Long-eared bat Corynorhinus townsendii 2 ssp Special Concern Statewide exc Sierra Nevada 229 175
  Pallid bat Antrozous pallidus Special Concern Statewide exc. S. Nev., NW 230 213
Molossidae Pocketed Free-tailed bat Nyctinomops femerosaccus Special Concern S 1/2 deserts   349
  Big Free-tailed bat Nyctinomops macrotis Uncommon; Special Concern S. deserts 891 351
  Guano bat Tadarida brasiliensis Common Statewide Tadarida sp. -- 729 331
  Western Mastiff bat Eumops perotis 1 ssp Special Concern S 1/2   534
             
LAGOMORPHA            
Ochotonidae Pika Ochotona princeps   High mtns / talus slopes of Sierra Nevada, Cascades to Mt. Shasta, E to Warner Mtns. 63, 44 352
Leporidae European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus Introduced      
  Pigmy rabbit Brachylagus idahoensis Special Concern      
  Brush rabbit Sylvilagus bachmani Common; 1 ssp Special Concern Chaparral of W 2/3 of state; San José and Año Nuevo Islands   34
  Nuttall's cottontail Sylvilagus nuttallii Common E of Sierra Nevada, Mojave Desert   56
  Audobon's cottontail Sylvilagus audobonii Common Shrubby areas in S 2/3 of state 59, 1188 106
  Snowshoe hare Lepus americanus Common; 2 ssp Special Concern Conif. forests of Sierra Nevada & Casc to 2500 m 246, 544  
  White-tailed jackrabbit Lepus townsendii Common; 1 ssp Special Concern E, > 1500 m 1189, 1349 288
  Black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus Common Statewide < 2500 m 60, 245, 1347  
             
RODENTIA            
Aplodontidae Mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa Threatened Creeks in N Coast Region, Cascade & Sierra Nevada S t Mono Lake   431
Castoridae Beaver Castor canadensis Common N 2/3 247, 248, 408, 409, 410, 1239, 1316, 1317 120
Capromyidae Nutria Myocastor coypu Introduced     398
Erethizontidae Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum Common Conif forest statewide 83, 870 29
Geomyidae Northern pocket gopher Thomomys talpoides Common xtr NE 688, 689  
  Mazama pocket gopher Thomomys mazama   n CA 1319  
  Mountain pocket gopher Thomomys monticola Common Sierra Nevada / Casc, 1000-2700 m    
  Botta's pocket gopher Thomomys bottae 1 ssp Special Concern Statewide, absent from high elevations in Sierra Nevada and Cascades 254  
  Townsend's pocket gopher Thomomys townsendii   NE    
Heteromyidae Great Basin pocket mouse Perognathus parvus   E of Sierra Nevada & Casc. 752 318
  White-eared pocket mouse Perognathus alticola 2 ssp Special Concern   695  
  Yellow-eared pocket mouse Perognathus xanthontus     753  
  Little pocket mouse Perognathus longimembris 2 ssp Special Concern much of S 1/2 of state    
  San Jouquin pocket mouse Perognathus inornatus 2 ssp Special Concern Central Valley; Salinas   450
  Long-tailed pocket mouse Chaetodipus formosus   E of Casc, Sierra Nevada, Penins Ranges    
  Bailey's pocket mouse Chaetodipus baileyi   xtr S Ca 1245 297
  Desert pocket mouse Chaetodipus penicillatus   Deserts of S Ca, E of Yosemite 1095  
  San Diego pocket mouse Chaetodipus fallax 2 ssp Special Concern SW 1094  
  California pocket mouse Chaetodipus californicus   San Joaq Valley, Coastal areas S SF 1093  
  Spiny pocket mouse Chaetodipus spinatus Common SW 751 385
  Dark kangaroo mouse Microdipodops megacephalus   E of Sierra Nevada 1100 46
  Pale kangaroo mouse Microdipodops pallidus   E of Sierra Nevada & Casc   47
  Ord's kangaroo rat Dipodomys ordii Common Great Basin sagebrush 560, 693, 1099 353
  Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat Dipodomys microps Common SE deserts, xtr NE   389
  Panamint kangaroo rat Dipodomys panamintinus   E Ca on W edges of deserts 1331 354
  Big-eared kangaroo rat Dipodomys elephantinus Threatened E slope Coast Range of San Benito Co 1325 255
  Narrow-faced kangaroo rat Dipodomys venustus   South Coastal Ranges 1335 403
  Pacific kangaroo rat Dipodomys agilis   S Coast Ranges 417, 1327, (1332 as D. simulans)  
  Heermann's kangaroo rat Dipodomys heermanni Uncommon S Coast Ranges, San Juaq. valley 255, 1096 323
  California kangaroo rat Dipodomys californicus Uncommon N Ca, not in much of central valley   324
  Giant kangaroo rat Dipodomys ingens Endangered SW San Joaq Valley 787, 1097 377
  Stephens kangaroo rat Dipodomys stephensi Endangered SW   73
  Merriam's kangaroo rat Dipodomys merriami Common Moj & Colo Deserts; xtr NE Ca 1328  
  San Joaquin kangaroo rat Dipodomys nitratoides 2 ssp engangered; 1 ssp Special Concern SW San Joaq Valley 1098, 1330 381
  Desert kangaroo rat Dipodomys deserti Uncommon SE deserts 1324 339
Muridae Western Harvest mouse Reithrodontomys megalotus 2 ssp Special Concern statewide 1018 167
  Salt Marsh Harvest mouse Reithrodontomys raviventris Endangered SF bay salt marshes   169
  Cactus mouse Peromyscus eremicus   SE deserts 1173 118
  Parasitic mouse Peromyscus californicus   S Coast Ranges, S Sierra foothills   85
  Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus 2 ssp Special Concern statewide exc high elev 74, 1175  
  Canyon mouse Peromyscus crinitus   SE deserts, xtr NE   287
  Brush mouse Peromyscus boylii   statewide exc deserts, lower 1171  
  Pinyon mouse Peromyscus truei   statewide exc very arid regions, 1176 161
  Northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys leucogaster   E of Casc and of N Sierra Nevada 253, 1017, 1169 87
  Southern grasshopper mouse Onychomys torridus 1 ssp Special Concern S 1/2 exc Coast Ranges 1170 59
  Hispid cotton rat Sigmodon hispidus 1 ssp Special Concern Colorado R 76, 1177 158
  Arizona cotton rat Sigmodon arizonae   Imperial Valley    
  White-throated woodrat Neotoma albigula Common xtr SE   310
  Desert woodrat Neotoma lepida Common S 1/2, xtr NE 1252  
  Dusky-footed woodrat Neotoma fuscipes Common statewide exc. deserts, hihg Sierra, xtr NE 414 386
  Bushy-tailed woodrat Neotoma cinerea Common N & E, < 2800 m 1166, 1351 564
  California Red-backed vole Clethrionomys californicus   Conif forests of NW Ca, Sierra Nevada / Casc n of Tahoe   406
  Heather vole Phenacomys intermedius   c Sierra Nevada > 2500 m; Mt. Shasta   305
  White-footed vole Arborimus albipes Threatened NW    
  California red tree vole Arborimus pomo Threatened NW   593
  Montane vole Microtus montanus   mdws of high Sierra Nevada, Great Basin    
  California meadow vole Microtus californicus 1 ssp endangered; 2 ssp Special Concern Statewide where vegetation available, < 1500 m    
  Townsend's vole Microtus townsendii   NW   325
  Long-tailed vole Microtus longicaudus   Sierra Nevada, Casc, N Coast Ranges; San Bernardino Mtns. 1157 271
  Creeping vole Microtus oregoni   NW   233
  Sagebrush vole Lemmiscus curtatus   E of Sierra Nevada 947, 1339 124
  Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus Common Cental Valley 1162, 1163 141
  Black rat Rattus rattus Introduced Human commensal 759, 760  
  Norway rat Rattus norvegicus Introduced Human commensal 755-758  
  House mouse Mus musculus Introduced Human commensal 92, 754  
Sciuridae Alpine chipmunk Tamias alpinus   S Sierra Nevada > 3000 m   461
  Least chipmunk Tamias minimus   sagebrush E Sierra Nevada 108  
  Yellow-pine chipmunk Tamias amoenus   Sierra Nevada (Yos & N), Klamath, Shasta, Warner Mtns   390
  Redwood chipmunk Tamias ochrogenys   southern N coastal region   445
  Shadow chipmunk Tamias senex   Cascades, n Sierra Nevada, n Coast Ranges   502
  Siskiyou chipmunk Tamias siskiyou   xtr NW    
  Sonoma chipmunk Tamias sonomae   n Coast Ranges, Klamath Mtns, < 800 m   444
  Merriam's chipmunk Tamias merriami   low W slopes of Sierra Nevada, Coast ranges   476
  Chaparral chipmunk Tamias obscurus   xtr S Ca   472
  Long-eared chipmunk Tamias quadrimaculatus   central Cascade / Sierra Nevada    
  Lodgepole chipmunk Tamias speciosus   Sierra Nevada, s Cascades 1345 478
  Panamint chipmunk Tamias panamintinus   E slope of Sierra Nevada   468
  Uinta chipmunk Tamias umbrinus   E slope of Sierra Nevada, < 3000 m 109  
  Yellow-bellied marmot Marmota flaviventris   Sierra Nevada, Casc, White Mtns > 3000 m 106 135
  Nelson's Antelope ground squirrel Ammospermophilus nelsoni State threatened SW San Joaq Valley 1103 367
  White-tailed Antelope gnd sq Ammospermophilus leucurus   Arid S, xtr E 112 368
  Townsend's ground squirrel Spermophilus townsendii   E of Sierra Nevada & Casc   268
  Belding's ground squirrel Spermophilus beldingi   Mtn meadows N Ca to 3000 m 1107 221
  Rock squirrel Spermophilus variegatus   xtr SE, by Colo R 951 272
  California ground squirrel Spermophilus beecheyi   Statewide < 2200 m, exc deserts 101  
  Mojave ground squirrel Spermophilus mohavensis State threatened S; Moj. Desert    
  Round-tailed ground squirrel Spermophilus tereticaudus 1 ssp Special Concern Mojave & Colorado Deserts 1187 274
  Golden-mantled ground squirrel Spermophilus lateralis   Conif forest & Sage scrub of N Ca 100, 1108 440
  Eastern gray squirrel Sciurus carolinensis Introduced Urban parks 94, 95 480
  Fox squirrel Sciurus niger Introduced Urban parks 96, 880 479
  Western gray squirrel Sciurus griseus Common Statewide< 1500 m, 1104, 1255 474
  Douglas' squirrel Tamiasciurus douglasii Common Sierra Nevada Casc N Coast 952  
  Northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus 1 ssp Special Concern N Coast Ranges, Sierra Nevada, Casc.; relicts in San Jacinto and San Bernardino Mtns. 1020 229
        exc deserts, pts of Cent. Valley    
Dipodidae Western Jumping mouse Zapus princeps   coast N SF 1110  
  Pacific Jumping mouse Zapus trinotatus 1 ssp Special Concern Sierra Nevada Casc Klamath   315
             
CETACEA            
Delphinidae Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis   Central Ca, Marine    
  Blue and White dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba   Marine, S    
  Pacific Spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata   Marine, S    
  Common dolphin Delphinus delphis Common Marine, statewide (esp S 1/2) 579  
  Northern Right Whale dolphin Lissodelphis borealis   Pelagic 1056 425
  Bottlenosed dolphin Tursiops truncatus Common Mostly southern waters 262, 980, 981  
  White-sides dolphin Lagenorhynchus obliquidens   Marine, statewide 433, 1009  
  False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens   Marine, S 1059, 1134 456
  Killer whale Orcinus orca   Marine, statewide 979, 1057, 1058, 1133 304
  Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus   Marine, S 1055  
  Pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus   Marine, S G. sp. -- 929, 930  
Phocoenidae Harbor porpoise Phoceona phocoena Common Coastal, statewide 1130, 1357 42
  Dall's porpoise Phocoenoides dalli Uncommon Pelagic, statewide 1060 319
Physeteridae Pigmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps Uncommon Pelagic, statewide 1137, 1138  
  Dwarf sperm whale Kogia simus Uncommon Pelagic, statewide   239
  Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Endangered Pelagic, statewide    
Ziphiidae Baird's Beaked whale Berardius bairdii Uncommon Pelagic, statewide    
  Stejneger's Beaked whale Mesoplodon stejnegeri Uncommon Pelagic, statewide   250
  Hubbs's beaked whale Mesoplodon carlhubbsi Uncommon Pelagic, statewide    
  Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris Uncommon Pelagic, statewide    
  Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens Uncommon Pelagic, statewide    
  Hector's beaked whale Mesoplodon hectori Uncommon Pelagic, statewide    
  Cuvier's Beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris Uncommon Pelagic, statewide    
Eschrichtidae Gray whale Eschrichtius robustus Endangered, Migrant Pelagic, statewide 833-837, 1135, 1136, 1217, 1308  
Balaenopteridae Minke whale Balaenoptera acutirostris Rare visitor Pelagic, statewide    
  Bryde's whale Balaenoptera brydei Rare visitor Pelagic, statewide    
  Sie whale Balaenoptera borealis Endangered, Rare visitor Pelagic, statewide 577  
  Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus Endangered, Rare visitor Pelagic, statewide 769  
  Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered, Rare visitor Pelagic, statewide 578, 808, 1215, 1216  
  Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae Endangered, Rare visitor Pelagic, statewide 575, 576, 698, 768  
Balaenidae Northern Right whale Balaena glacialis Endangered Pelagic, statewide    
             
CARNIVORA            
Canidae Coyote Canis latrans Common Statewide exc high elev 265, 1126, 1127, 1267 79
  Gray wolf Canis lupus Extirpated     37
  Domestic dog Canis familiaris Common, Introduced Statewide exc high elev    
  Red fox Vulpes vulpes Some populations introduced; native populations uncommon to rare NW Central Valley (introd.); Sierra Nevada & Cascades 435, 436, 582 537
  Kit fox Vulpes macrotis Threatened (1 ssp. Endangered) SE arid regions; S Coast Ranges (269, 583, 1208 as V. velox) 123
  Gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus Common Statewide 584 189
  Island fox Urocyon littoralis Threatened Channel Islands   489
Ursidae Black bear Ursus americanus   Statewide in forested areas 142, 1132  
  Grizzly bear Ursus arctos Extirpated Statewide except high elevations and hot deserts   439
Procyonidae Ringtail cat Bassariscus astutus Uncommon Statewide ex deserts, C. Valley 858 327
  Raccoon Procyon lotor Common Statewide exc deserts, Gt. Basin 140, 709 119
Mustelidae Marten Martes americana Uncommon Sierra Nevada, Casc, White Mtns, @ high elev   289
  Fisher Martes pennanti Uncommon Sierra Nevada, Casc, N Coast Ranges, @ low elev 590 159
  Short-tailed weasel Mustela erminea Common N 1/2 in foothills and mtns 588, 1051 195
  Long-tailed weasel Mustela frenata Common Statewide exc deserts 1348 570
  Mink Mustela vison Common Sierra Nevada + N 1/2 of state 1129  
  Wolverine Gulo gulo Threatened (in State), Fully Protected Klamath, Sierra Nevada & Casc in high montane forest 442, 807, 1295, 1296, 1297 499
  Badger Taxidea taxus Uncommon Statewide in open areas 701-703 26
  River otter Lontra canadensis Uncommon Sierra Nevada, Casc, N Coast Ranges 802, 859  
  Sea otter Enhydra lutris Threatened, Fully Protected Most of coast 799-801, 1298 133
Mephitidae Spotted skunk Spilogale putorius Common Statewide exc arid deserts & high Sierra Nevada    
  Striped skunk Mephitis mephitis Common Statewide exc. high elev, arid SE (along Colo R.) 280 173
Felidae Feral cat Felis silvestris Common, Introduced Statewide    
  Mountain lion Puma concolor 1 ssp Special Concern Statewide exc desert, central valley 275, 276, 586 200
  Jaguar Panthera onca Extirpated     340
  Bobcat Lynx rufus Common Statewide 819, 1293 563
Otariidae Northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus Uncommon N, marine 1300, 1301, 1302  
  Guadalupe fur seal Arctocephalus townsendi Threatened S, marine    
  Stellar's sea lion Eumetopius jubatus Threatened N, marine 1270 283
  California sea lion Zalophus californianus Common Coastal, statewide 132, 133, 446, 1142, 1143  
Phocidae Harbor seal Phoca vitulina Common Coastal, statewide 135, 594, 1131, 1304, 1305  
  Ringed seal Phoca hispida Accidental N, coastal    
  Ribbon seal Phoca fasciata Accidental N, coastal    
  Northern Elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris Common S 1/2, marine 134, 282, 449-453 449
             
PERISSODACTYLA            
Equidae Feral burro Equus asinus Introduced Arid SE < 3500 m 152, 771  
  Burchell's zebra Equus burchelli Introduced   151, 465, 1062, 1145, 1146  
  Feral horse Equus caballus Introduced Statewide 150; E. c. przwallskii -- 294, 1063 628
             
ARTIODACTYLA            
Cervidae Elk Cervus elaphus Common Statewide in scattered pockets 189, 190, 191, 318, 809,  
  Sambar Cervus unicolor Introduced   1080  
  Fallow deer Dama dama Introduced Pt. Reyes; N Ca 1075, 1076  
  Black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus Common Statewide, scattered populations except much of Central Valley, and some desert regions 187, 475, 476 219
  White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus Likely extirpated xtr. NE   388
  Axis deer Axis axis Introduced Pt. Reyes 188  
Antilocapridae Pronghorn Antilocapra americana Uncommon NE & E of SB 166, 717, 718, 823, 1310 90
Bovidae Bison Bison bison Introduced   167, 304-306, 719, 720, 1224, 1273, 1311  
  Feral goat Capra hircus Introduced      
  Bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis 2 ssp threatened and fully protected   168, 169, 307, 941 230
  Barbary sheep Ammotragus lervia Introduced   932, 1147  
  Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra Introduced   933-935  
  Feral cattle Bos taurus Introduced   313, 887, 1068  
  Himalayan tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus Introduced   315, 1227  
Suidae Feral hog Sus scrofa Introduced Statewide 323